Hom fungicides
1.1 Raws li cov qauv tshuaj
Organic fungicides:Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm cov fungicides yog cov organic tebchaw uas muaj cov pa roj carbon. Vim nws cov qauv sib txawv, cov organic fungicides tuaj yeem tswj tau ntau yam kab mob.
Chlorothalonil: broad-spectrum fungicide, feem ntau siv rau zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab cov nroj tsuag ornamental.
Thiophanate-methyl: tiv thaiv thiab kho cov kab mob, muaj feem xyuam rau cov ntoo txiv ntoo, zaub thiab lwm yam.
Thiophanate-Methyl 70% WP Fungicide
Inorganic fungicides:Inorganic fungicides feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj inorganic, xws li tooj liab, sulfur thiab lwm yam. Cov fungicides no tau siv dav hauv kev ua liaj ua teb thiab muaj lub sijhawm ntev.
Bordeaux kua: tiv thaiv thiab kho cov kab mob rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, thiab lwm yam.
Sulfur: tshuaj fungicide, siv rau txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, thiab lwm yam.
1.2 Raws li qhov chaw ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv ntawm fungicides
Inorganic fungicides:Nrog rau kev npaj tooj liab thiab sulfur, cov fungicides feem ntau siv los tswj cov kab mob fungal thiab kab mob.
Copper oxychloride: tswj cov kab mob fungal thiab kab mob.
Organic sulfur fungicides:Cov fungicides feem ntau tua cov kab mob pathogenic los ntawm kev tso tawm hydrogen sulfide, feem ntau siv los tswj cov kab mob mildew thiab lwm yam kab mob fungal.
Sulfur hmoov: tswj cov hmoov mildew, xeb thiab lwm yam.
Organophosphorus fungicides:Organophosphorus tebchaw feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev ua liaj ua teb los tswj cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob fungal, nrog broad-spectrum thiab high efficiency.
Mancozeb: broad-spectrum fungicide, tswj ntau yam kab mob fungal.
Organic arsenic fungicides:Txawm hais tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, tam sim no lawv tau raug tshem tawm vim lawv cov tshuaj toxicity siab.
Arsenic acid: siab toxicity, tam sim no tshem tawm.
Benzene derivatives fungicides:Cov fungicides no muaj ntau yam sib txawv thiab feem ntau yog siv los tswj ntau yam kab mob, xws li cov kab mob mildew thiab powdery mildew.
Carbendazim: broad-spectrum fungicide, tswj cov txiv ntoo, zaub thiab lwm yam kab mob.
Azole fungicides:Azole fungicides inhibit synthesis ntawm fungal cell membranes tua cov kab mob pathogenic, dav siv hauv cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub tswj kab mob.
Tebuconazole: kev ua haujlwm siab, feem ntau siv hauv cov ntoo txiv ntoo, zaub tswj kab mob.
Cov kab mob fungicide Tebuconazole 25% EC
Copper fungicides:Kev npaj tooj liab muaj cov nyhuv bactericidal muaj zog, feem ntau siv los tswj cov kab mob fungal thiab kab mob.
Copper hydroxide: tswj cov txiv ntoo, zaub thiab lwm yam kab mob.
Tshuaj tua kab mob fungicides:Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsim los ntawm cov kab mob, xws li streptomycin thiab tetracycline, feem ntau yog siv los tswj cov kab mob.
Streptomycin: tswj cov kab mob kab mob.
Cov kab mob fungicides:Kev sib xyaw ntawm ntau hom fungicides tuaj yeem txhim kho cov nyhuv fungicidal thiab txo qis cov kab mob pathogenic.
Zineb: compound fungicide, tswj ntau yam kab mob fungal.
Crop Protection Fungicides Zineb 80% WP
Lwm yam fungicides:Xws li qee qhov tshiab thiab tshwj xeeb fungicides, xws li cov nroj tsuag rho tawm thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg.
Tshuaj yej tsob ntoo tseem ceeb roj: ntuj cog extract fungicide, broad-spectrum antibacterial.
1.3 Raws li kev siv
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv: siv los tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob.
Bordeaux sib tov: ua los ntawm tooj liab sulfate thiab txiv qaub, nws muaj broad-spectrum bactericidal nyhuv thiab yog tsuas yog siv los tiv thaiv fungal thiab kab mob kab mob ntawm txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo, zaub thiab lwm yam qoob loo.
Sulfur suspension: cov khoom tseem ceeb yog leej faj, dav siv hauv kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj ntau yam kab mob fungal, xws li powdery mildew, xeb thiab lwm yam.
Cov kws kho mob: siv los kho cov kab mob uas twb tshwm sim lawm.
Carbendazim: ib qho dav-spectrum fungicide nrog kev tiv thaiv thiab kho cov teebmeem, feem ntau siv los tiv thaiv thiab tswj cov txiv ntoo, zaub thiab lwm yam kab mob fungal.
Thiophanate-methyl: Nws muaj cov kab mob thiab kho mob, thiab yog siv dav rau kev tswj kab mob ntawm cov txiv ntoo, zaub thiab paj.
Eradicators: Siv los tshem tawm cov kab mob tag nrho.
Formaldehyde: siv rau hauv av tshuaj tua kab mob, muaj zog kom tsis muaj menyuam thiab tshem tawm cov kab mob, feem ntau siv hauv tsev cog khoom thiab tsev cog khoom av kho.
Chloropicrin: cov av fumigant, siv los tua cov kab mob pathogenic, kab tsuag thiab nroj tsuag cov noob hauv av, tsim rau tsev cog khoom, tsev cog khoom thiab ua liaj ua teb.
Cov neeg ua haujlwm zoo: Absorbed los ntawm cov hauv paus hniav los yog nplooj kom ua tiav tag nrho cov nroj tsuag tswj.
Tebuconazole: ib tug dav-spectrum systemic fungicide, tua cov kab mob pathogenic los ntawm inhibiting lub synthesis ntawm fungal cell membranes, dav siv nyob rau hauv txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub thiab zaub mov.
Preservative: siv los tiv thaiv kev lwj ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg.
Copper sulfate: nrog cov kab mob bactericidal thiab tshuaj tua kab mob, feem ntau siv los tiv thaiv thiab tswj cov kab mob ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab tiv thaiv cov ntaub so ntswg lwj.
1.4 Raws li conduction yam ntxwv
Qhov System Fungicide: tuaj yeem nqus tau los ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab ua rau tag nrho cov nroj tsuag, nrog kev tswj xyuas zoo dua.
Pyraclostrobin: ib hom tshiab ntawm broad-spectrum systemic fungicide nrog kev tiv thaiv thiab kho cov teebmeem, feem ntau siv hauv cov txiv ntoo, zaub thiab lwm yam.
Pyraclostrobin Fungicide 25% SC
Non-sorbent fungicide: tsuas yog ua lub luag haujlwm hauv qhov chaw thov, yuav tsis txav mus rau hauv cov nroj tsuag.
Mancozeb: broad-spectrum tiv thaiv fungicide, feem ntau yog siv los tswj cov kab mob fungal, yuav tsis txav mus rau hauv cov nroj tsuag tom qab thov.
1.5 Raws li qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev nqis tes ua
Ntau qhov chaw (tsis yog tshwj xeeb) fungicides: ua rau ntau tshaj ib txoj kev physiological ntawm cov kab mob.
Mancozeb: ua rau ntau yam txheej txheem physiological ntawm cov kab mob, muaj cov kab mob dav dav, thiab tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob fungal.
Ib qhov chaw (tshwj xeeb) fungicides: tsuas yog ua rau cov txheej txheem physiological tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kab mob.
Tebuconazole: Nws ua rau cov txheej txheem physiological ntawm cov kab mob thiab tua cov kab mob pathogenic los ntawm inhibiting cov synthesis ntawm fungal cell membrane.
1.6 Raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua
Kev tiv thaiv fungicides: suav nrog kev sib cuag bactericidal effect thiab residual bactericidal effect.
Mancozeb: dav-spectrum tiv thaiv fungicide, siv los tiv thaiv ntau yam kab mob fungal.
Sulfur suspension: broad-spectrum fungicide, siv los tiv thaiv thiab tswj powdery mildew thiab xeb.
Systemic fungicides: suav nrog apical conduction thiab basal conduction.
Pyraclostrobin: tshiab broad-spectrum systemic fungicide nrog kev tiv thaiv thiab kho cov teebmeem.
Propiconazole: ib tug kab mob fungicide, feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv thiab tswj cov kab mob ntawm cereals, txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntoo thiab lwm yam qoob loo.
Organic Fungicide Propiconazole 250g / L EC
1.7 Raws li txoj kev siv
Kev kho av:
Formaldehyde: siv rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv av, tua cov kab mob pathogenic hauv av.
Kev kho cov qia thiab nplooj:
Carbendazim: Siv tshuaj tsuag tsob nroj stems thiab nplooj los tswj ntau yam kab mob fungal.
Kev kho noob:
Thiophanate-methyl: siv rau kev kho cov noob los tiv thaiv cov noob kab mob thiab kis kab mob.
1.8 Raws li cov tshuaj sib txawv
Inorganic fungicides:
Bordeaux sib tov: sib tov ntawm tooj liab sulfate thiab txiv qaub, broad-spectrum fungicide.
Sulfur: dav siv nyob rau hauv kev tswj ntawm powdery mildew, xeb thiab lwm yam.
Organic fungicides:
Carbendazim: broad-spectrum fungicide, tswj ntau yam kab mob fungal.
Tebuconazole: broad-spectrum systemic fungicide, inhibit synthesis ntawm fungal cell membrane.
Biological fungicides:
Streptomycin: tshuaj tua kab mob ua los ntawm cov kab mob, feem ntau yog siv los tswj cov kab mob.
Agricultural tshuaj tua kab mob fungicides:
Streptomycin: tshuaj tua kab mob, tswj cov kab mob.
Tetracycline: tshuaj tua kab mob, tswj cov kab mob.
Cov tshuaj tua kab mob fungicides:
Tshuaj yej tsob ntoo tseem ceeb roj: ntuj cog extract nrog broad-spectrum antibacterial nyhuv.
1.9 Raws li kev sib txawv ntawm cov qauv tshuaj
Carbamate derivatives fungicides:
Carbendazim: broad-spectrum fungicide los tswj ntau yam kab mob fungal.
Amide fungicides:
Metribuzin: feem ntau siv rau kev tswj cov nroj tsuag, kuj muaj qee cov tshuaj fungicidal.
6-tus tswv cuab heterocyclic fungicides:
Pyraclostrobin: ib qho tshiab broad-spectrum systemic fungicide nrog kev tiv thaiv thiab kho cov teebmeem.
Tsib-tus tswv cuab heterocyclic fungicides:
Tebuconazole: broad-spectrum systemic fungicide, inhibits fungal cell membrane synthesis.
Organophosphorus thiab methoxyacrylate fungicides:
Methomyl: feem ntau siv los tswj cov kab tsuag, tab sis kuj muaj qee yam kab mob fungicidal.
Copper fungicides:
Bordeaux sib tov: sib tov ntawm tooj liab sulfate thiab txiv qaub, broad-spectrum sterilization.
Inorganic sulfur fungicides:
Sulfur suspension: dav siv nyob rau hauv kev tswj ntawm powdery mildew, xeb, thiab lwm yam.
Organic arsenic fungicides:
Arsenic acid: siab toxicity, tam sim no tshem tawm.
Lwm yam fungicides:
Tsob nroj rho tawm thiab cov tebchaw tshiab (xws li tshuaj yej tsob ntoo tseem ceeb roj): broad-spectrum antibacterial effect, ib puag ncig tiv thaiv thiab kev nyab xeeb.
Daim ntawv ntawm fungicide
2.1 hmoov (DP)
Los ntawm thawj cov tshuaj tua kab thiab inert muab tub lim tov rau hauv ib qho kev faib ua feem, crushed thiab sieved hmoov. Feem ntau siv rau cov hmoov txau hauv kev tsim khoom.
2.2 Wettable hmoov (WP)
Nws yog thawj cov tshuaj tua kab, muab tub lim thiab ib qho nyiaj ntawm cov khoom ntxiv, nyob rau hauv kev faib ua feem rau tag nrho kev sib xyaw thiab crushing, kom ua tiav cov hmoov zoo. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau kev txau.
2.3 Emulsion (EC)
Kuj tseem hu ua "emulsion". Los ntawm thawj cov tshuaj tua kab raws li ib feem ntawm cov organic solvents thiab emulsifiers yaj nyob rau hauv ib tug pob tshab oily kua. Yuav siv tau rau txau. Emulsion yog ib qho yooj yim rau nkag mus rau cov kab epidermis, zoo dua li cov hmoov ntub dej.
2.4 Aqueous (AS)
Qee cov tshuaj tua kab yog yooj yim soluble hauv dej, thiab siv tau nrog dej tsis muaj additives. Xws li crystalline lithosulfuric acid, tshuaj tua kab ob, thiab lwm yam.
2.5 Granules (GR)
Ua los ntawm adsorbing ib tug npaum li cas ntawm tus neeg sawv cev nrog av hais, cinder, cib slag, xuab zeb. Feem ntau cov muab tub lim thiab tshuaj tua kab yog crushed ua ke rau hauv ib tug tej yam fineness ntawm hmoov, ntxiv dej thiab pab neeg sawv cev los ua granules. Yuav kis tau ntawm tes los yog mechanically.
2.6 Suspending agent (gel suspension) (SC)
Kev siv cov ntub dej ultra-micro-sib tsoo, tshuaj tua kab hmoov dispersed nyob rau hauv dej los yog roj thiab surfactants, tsim cov viscous flowable kua formulations. Suspension tus neeg sawv cev sib xyaw nrog txhua feem ntawm cov dej kom yaj, haum rau ntau txoj hauv kev tshuaj tsuag. Tom qab txau, nws tuaj yeem txuag tau 20% ~ 50% ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab qub vim tias cov dej nag tsis kam.
2.7 Fumigant (FU)
Kev siv cov khoom siv nrog sulfuric acid, dej thiab lwm yam khoom siv los ua cov tshuaj lom neeg, los yog siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg-boiling cov kua ua kua, fumigation hauv kaw thiab lwm qhov chaw tshwj xeeb los tua kab tsuag thiab kab mob ntawm kev npaj.
2.8 Aerosol AE
Aerosol yog cov kua los yog cov tshuaj tua kab tshuaj tua kab, siv cov cua sov los yog lub zog siv tshuab, cov kua dispersed mus rau hauv ib qho kev ncua tsis tu ncua ntawm cov me me hauv huab cua, ua ib qho aerosol.
Mechanism ntawm fungicides
3.1 Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cell qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm
Fungicides inhibit qhov kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob pathogenic los ntawm kev cuam tshuam kev tsim ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm tes thiab plasma membrane biosynthesis. Qee cov fungicides ua rau cov kab mob tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev rhuav tshem cov synthesis ntawm phab ntsa ntawm tes, uas thaum kawg ua rau cell tuag.
3.2 Kev cuam tshuam ntawm cellular zog tsim
Fungicides tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog lub zog tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm cov kab mob los ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev. Piv txwv li, qee cov fungicides inhibit glycolysis thiab fatty acid β-oxidation, kom cov kab mob tsis tuaj yeem tsim lub zog ib txwm, uas thaum kawg ua rau lawv tuag.
3.3 cuam tshuam cov synthesis ntawm cellular metabolic tshuaj thiab lawv cov dej num
Qee cov fungicides ua los ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog kev sib txuas ntawm fungal nucleic acids thiab cov proteins. Cov txheej txheem metabolic no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob; Yog li ntawd, los ntawm inhibiting cov txheej txheem no, fungicides tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov tshwm sim thiab kis kab mob.
3.4 Inducing cog kev tswj tus kheej
Qee cov fungicides tsis tsuas yog ua ncaj qha rau cov kab mob pathogenic, tab sis kuj ua rau cov nroj tsuag tus kab mob tiv thaiv. Cov fungicides no tuaj yeem ua rau cov nroj tsuag tsim "cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob" uas tshwj xeeb tiv thaiv kab mob lossis koom nrog cov metabolism los tsim cov tshuaj uas muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob, yog li ua rau cov nroj tsuag tiv thaiv kab mob.
Xaus
Fungicides ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua liaj ua teb niaj hnub no los ntawm kev tswj thiab tiv thaiv cov kab mob hauv ntau txoj hauv kev. Ntau hom fungicides muaj lawv tus kheej cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qauv tshuaj, hom kev siv, conductive zog thiab mechanism ntawm kev txiav txim, uas ua rau lawv lug siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam kev ua liaj ua teb daim ntaub ntawv. Kev xaiv thiab kev siv cov tshuaj fungicides tuaj yeem txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab cov qoob loo zoo thiab ua kom muaj kev loj hlob ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb kom ruaj khov.
FAQ
FAQ 1: Dab tsi yog cov organic fungicide?
Organic fungicides yog fungicides ua los ntawm cov organic tebchaw uas muaj cov pa roj carbon monoxide, uas muaj ntau yam qauv thiab ntau yam ntawm cov kab mob bactericidal.
FAQ 2: Dab tsi yog hom fungicides tseem ceeb?
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj fungicides muaj xws li hmoov, hmoov ntub dej, roj emulsifiable, aqueous daws, granules, gels, fumigants, aerosols thiab fumigants.
FAQ 3: Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm cov kab mob fungicide thiab cov kab mob uas tsis yog kab mob fungicide?
Cov fungicides tuaj yeem nqus los ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab xa mus rau tag nrho cov nroj tsuag, uas muaj kev tswj xyuas zoo dua; non-sorbent fungicides tsuas yog ua haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw thov thiab tsis txav mus rau hauv cov nroj tsuag.
FAQ 4: Cov tshuaj fungicides cuam tshuam li cas ntawm cellular metabolism?
Cov fungicides inhibit qhov kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob los ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog kev sib txuas ntawm nucleic acids thiab cov proteins, cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem tsim hluav taws xob, thiab rhuav tshem cov qauv ntawm tes.
FAQ 5: Dab tsi yog qhov zoo ntawm cov nroj tsuag tau los ntawm fungicides?
Botanical fungicides yog tsim los ntawm cov nroj tsuag rho tawm thiab feem ntau tsis tshua muaj toxicity, ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg thiab tsis tshua muaj kev tiv thaiv.
Lub sij hawm xa tuaj: Plaub Hlis-01-2024
